纸    的    发    明   

 造    纸    术    的    发    明   ,  是    中    国    对    世    界    文    明    的    伟    大    贡    献    之    一   
 早    在    几    千    年    前   , 我    们    的    祖    先    就    创    造    了    文    字   。 可    那    时    候    还    没    有    纸   , 要    记    录    一    件    事    情   , 就    用    刀    把    文    字    刻    在    龟    甲    和    兽    骨    上   , 或    者    把    文    字    铸    刻    在    青    铜    器    上   。 后    来   , 人    们    又    把    文    字    写    在    竹    片    和    木    片    上   。 这    些    竹    片   、 木    片    用    绳    子    穿    起    来   , 就    成    了    一    册    书   。 但    是   , 这    种    书    很    笨    重   , 阅    读   、 携    带   、 保    存    都    很    不    方    便   。 古    时    候    用    学    富    五    车    形    容    一    个    人    学    问    高   , 是    因    为    书    多    的    时    候    需    要    用    车    来    拉   。 再    后    来   , 有    了    蚕    丝    织    成    的    帛   , 就    可    以    在    帛    上    写    字    了   。 帛    比    竹    片   、 木    片    轻    便   , 但    是    价    钱    太    贵   , 只    有    少    数    人    能    用   , 不    能    普    及   
 人    们    用    蚕    茧    制    作    丝    绵    时    发    现   , 盛    放    蚕    茧    的    篾    席    上   , 会    留    下    一    层    薄    片   , 可    用    于    书    写   。 考    古    学    家    发    现   , 在    两    千    多    年    前    的    西    汉    时    代   , 人    们    已    经    懂    得    了    用    麻    来    造    纸   。 但    麻    纸    比    较    粗    糙   , 不    便    书    写   
 大    约    在    一    千    九    百    年    前    的    东    汉    时    代   , 有    个    叫    蔡    伦    的    人   ,  吸    收    了    人    们    长    期    积    累    的    经    验   , 改    进    了    造    纸    术   。 他    把    树    皮   、  麻    头   、 破    布    等    原    料    剪    碎    或    切    断   , 浸    在    水    里    捣    烂    成    浆   ; 再    把   
 本    文    由    人    民    教    育    出    版    社    小    学    语    文    室    编    写   
 浆    捞    出    来    晒    干   , 就    成    了    一    种    既    轻    便    又    好    用    的    纸   。 用    这    种    方     注    造    的    纸   , 原    料    容    易    得    到   , 可    以    大    量    制    造   , 价    格    又    便    宜   ,  能    满    足    多    数    人    的    需    要   , 所    以    这    种    造    纸    方    法    就    传    承    下    来    了   
 我    国    的    造    纸    术    首    先    传    到    邻    近    的    朝    鲜    半    岛    和    日    本   , 后    来     又    传    到    阿    拉    伯    世    界    和    欧    洲   , 极    大    地    促    进    了    人    类    社    会    的    进    步     和    文    化    的    发    展   , 影    响    了    全    世    界   
 创    存    普    制    蔡    伦    累    切    便    鲜    欧    洲    社   
 默    读    课    文   , 想    想    每    个    自    然    段    的    意    思   , 再    照    样    子    填    写    下    面    的    图    表   

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